脑动脉瘤

A cerebral aneurysm is a bulging abnormality of a brain artery that often 形似囊或气球的. It is associated with a focal weakness of the arterial wall; the cause is unknown, although a family history may 在某些情况下要在场.

Cerebral aneurysms are dangerous. Bleeding, or rupture, of a cerebral aneurysm causes death or neurological disability in a high percentage of cases. The type of bleeding caused by cerebral aneurysm rupture is called Subarachnoid 出血.

For this reason, aneurysms cannot be considered benign entities, even when 它们不会引起任何症状. Most aneurysms cause no symptoms until they rupture. Since rupture is unpredictable, neurosurgical intervention is often recommended when aneurysms are discovered incidentally (without bleeding). 这是 true of both larger and smaller aneurysms, since size alone does not predict 哪些动脉瘤会出血.

Cerebral aneurysms are not infrequently multiple, and may sometimes be associated with a family history.

Types of Neurosurgical Intervention

These are broadly divided into microsurgery (via craniotomy, or opening of the skull) and endovascular (catheter-based techniques that are performed through a tiny incision in the leg, instead of opening the skull).

Microsurgical clipping is performed using an operating microscope at the base of the brain, after a craniotomy is performed. 一旦动脉瘤 is isolated after tracing its parent blood vessel, a titanium clip is applied in such a way as to exclude the aneurysm from the normal circulation, 是保存下来的.

Endovascular neurosurgery is also known as Interventional Neuroradiology. Endovascular techniques for cerebral aneurysm include platinum microcoils (deposited within the aneurysm), stents (used to bridge the bottom of some aneurysms), and balloons (used to widen constricted blood vessels, or sometimes in conjunction with coils).

In coil embolization for aneurysm, the aneurysm is excluded from the normal circulation by the deposition of platinum microcoils delivered through a microcatheter entering the body from the leg. 没有做任何切口 头. Once an aneurysm is coiled, it is recommended to undergo cerebral angiography at half-year intervals for 2 years, to monitor the permanence 闭塞的.

医生执行的程序. Thomas, whether microsurgical or endovascular, are under general anesthesia and are usually attended by neurophysiologic monitoring, which is the monitoring of the brain's electrical activity, to maximize the safety of these procedures.

Endovascular and microsurgical techniques can be combined effectively for optimal treatment of complex conditions.

Which form of intervention is safest for the patient is a complex medical decision based on the shape and size of the aneurysm, the experience of the physician in the different procedures, and on the health and preferences 病人的. Both techniques are forms of brain surgery, and require the highest levels of experience and clinical judgment.

Because of the dangerous nature and complexity of cerebral aneurysms, it is advantageous for the neurosurgeon to have access to all current treatment 模式. This makes for balanced, thoughtful treatment decisions. 有时 multiple 模式 may be used for a single patient.

Most cerebral aneurysms can be eliminated successfully using a measured and well-planned approach to treatment.

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